Why white coats matter to doctors: History, symbolism, and hygiene

Why do doctors wear white coats? This question has roots in the history of hygiene and the symbolism of cleanliness. The white coat inspires trust in patients and improves doctors' concentration while working.

As reported by IFLScience, in the USA, seeing a doctor wearing a white coat is common. It symbolizes not only cleanliness but also professionalism. According to a 2012 study, wearing a white coat can improve concentration while performing tasks. This effect, known as "enclothed cognition," only occurs when the coat is associated with medicine and not with other professions, such as painting.

White coats became popular at the end of the 19th century when awareness of the importance of microbiological cleanliness increased. They became a symbol of hygiene in the medical environment. Over time, the sight of a doctor in a white coat started to inspire trust in patients. A 2017 study showed that over half of the patients in the USA value the doctor's attire and white coats were rated the highest, although preferences varied depending on patients' age and the type of doctor.

In the United Kingdom, until 2007, doctors wore white coats, making identifying and highlighting their status easier. However, the government's introduction of the "bare below the elbow" policy aimed to reduce the spread of pathogens. As a result, long sleeve coats disappeared from British hospitals, which was met with criticism from some doctors. The lack of conclusive evidence that medical clothing contributes to infections has caused some to demand the return of white coats.