Silent signs of pancreatitis: how a simple supper can signal a severe scenario

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Performing two primary functions, the pancreas produces digestive enzymes necessary for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients into the body. It also creates and releases sugar-regulating hormones (insulin and glucagon) into the bloodstream.

Most cases of pancreatitis can be attributed to gallstones (stones obstructing the pancreatic duct, leading to the retention of digestive enzymes within the pancreas) and alcohol abuse.

However, a low-fat and low-alcohol diet doesn't guarantee immunity from pancreatitis. Its other causes include the use of specific medications, infections, abdominal injuries, surgical procedures, metabolic disorders, and genetic predispositions.

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Pancreatitis can present itself in two different forms: acute and chronic.

The initial sign pointing to possible pancreatitis is typically a powerful, dull pain in the upper abdomen that may radiate towards the back. This pain may intensify during meals.

Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, fever, an accelerated heart rate, changes in urine and stool color, and abdominal enlargement. Chronic pancreatitis may also lead to weight loss, diarrhea, and jaundice.

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The diagnosis of pancreatitis usually starts with a comprehensive physical examination and a thorough review of the patient's medical history. Doctors can diagnose pancreatitis based on blood tests that reveal elevated levels of pancreatic enzymes.

Imaging diagnostic methods, such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), play a vital role in diagnosing pancreatitis.

The chosen treatment for pancreatitis depends on the cause and the patient's condition severity.

In the case of acute pancreatitis, treatment typically involves hospitalization for appropriate hydration, pain management, and nutritional care. Patients often receive fluids intravenously and are advised against eating and drinking for a while to allow the pancreas to rest. If gallstones are the cause of pancreatitis, surgical intervention might be necessary.

The treatment for chronic pancreatitis may include pain management, consumption of digestive enzyme supplements, and alterations in the diet. Severe cases might necessitate the surgical removal of a part of the pancreas or endoscopic methods to eliminate a blockage in the pancreatic duct.

Treatment is effective when initiated promptly, and managing chronic pancreatitis is feasible if the patient follows the doctor's dietary guidelines.