Jupiter's colossal past: Insights on its surprising formation
It is the largest object in the Solar System, but recent studies suggest it was once even twice as large as it is today. Astronomers' calculations might offer new insights into the fascinating process of planet formation.
Jupiter is not only the largest planet in our Solar System but also the fastest at rotating around its axis. Recent studies reveal that the planet's formation process was unique, with analyses indicating that in the past, it might have been twice its current size.
The mysterious past of Jupiter
According to research conducted by astronomers Konstantin Batygin from Caltech and Fred Adams from the University of Michigan, just 3.8 million years after the formation of the first solids in the Solar System, Jupiter had a volume 2 to 2.5 times larger than it is now. During this time, its magnetic field was significantly stronger, supporting the theory of planetary formation from the bottom up.
Rocky planets, like Earth, form through the gradual accumulation of dust and rocks. However, Jupiter, being a gas giant, is significantly different from the Blue Planet. The genesis might be similar, but after reaching a mass 10 times greater than Earth's, planets of this type begin to attract a gaseous envelope. This process occurred in the early stages of the Solar System's formation.
The role of Jupiter in the Solar System
Jupiter played a crucial role in shaping the architecture of the Solar System. Its formation and evolution influenced the stabilization of planets, potentially enabling the emergence of life on Earth. The research by Batygin and Adams provides new tools for understanding this role.
According to Science Alert, scientists analyzed the orbital movements of Jupiter's two small moons, Amalthea and Thebe. Their orbits are inclined relative to Jupiter's equator, allowing for the reconstruction of the planet's evolutionary history. The results indicate Jupiter's rapid growth in the early history of the Solar System.
Jupiter was never massive enough to become a star
These discoveries show that Jupiter underwent a period of intense growth, affecting its current shape. Although the planet continues to contract, this process is very slow. This research serves as an important reference point for further analyses of the Solar System's evolution.
