Iran set to receive Russian Su‑35 jets amidst controversy and uncertainty

Iran is set to receive Su-35 jets from Russia, with deliveries starting in the next week, despite opposition from Israel. But what exactly are these planes?

The export of Russian weaponry is becoming more challenging, as highlighted by the ongoing war in Ukraine. This conflict has not only revealed the shortcomings of Russian military equipment but also raised questions about the reliability of Russian companies in providing necessary spare parts and supplies.

In this context, every foreign client becomes invaluable to Russia, serving both as a critical source of income and a means to enhance the reputation of what used to be the leading arms exporter globally.

From Iran's perspective, the deal holds additional significance: the new Russian fighters are reportedly in exchange for drones from the Shahid family, which Russia has employed in Ukraine.

The deal for Iran's acquisition of the Su-35 has been shrouded in uncertainty and misinformation. Initially, in March 2023, Iran confirmed its intention to acquire Russian planes. By mid-year, it had reversed its stance, denying any such possibility, only to reaffirm its interest in Russian equipment by the fall.

Furthermore, some local sources claim that Tehran has already received the Russian planes. According to sources like Khabar Online, these planes are in Iran but are not operational due to missing critical parts. Their delivery was allegedly halted by Russia following strong opposition from Israel, though recent reports suggest a shift in the Kremlin's position.

The Su-35 marks the zenith of the Su-27 fighter's modernization. It boasts slightly larger wings, reengineered air intakes for the engines, and movable engine nozzles that enhance manoeuvrability through thrust vectoring.

Significant updates include its avionics—it is outfitted with the advanced Irbis-E radar system, capable of engaging up to eight air targets simultaneously, and the OLS-35 IRST sensor, which enables the passive detection of aircraft (heat sources) from several tens of miles away.

Additionally, the plane can carry weapons payloads of up to about 8.8 tons and features an upgraded digital cockpit.