How coffee improve memory and learning ability?

These conclusions were drawn by researchers of the University of Tsukuba. The influence of trigonelline on memory and learning was studied in SAMP8 mice, a strain known for accelerated aging, which also effects brain function.

The experimental group of mice received trigonelline for 30 days. Their abilities to remember and find their way to a platform in a Morris water maze were compared with those in the control group. The maze is a pool filled with water, with a platform placed inside for rodents to climb onto. Over time, the animals are expected to find the route to the platform more quickly by recognizing various indicators in the pool.

The research team observed a significant improvement in the learning and memory abilities of the mice who received trigonelline, as compared to those who did not.

The team delved deeper to examine the molecular mechanisms responsible for this improvement. They analyzed the entire so-called transcriptome (all RNA molecules containing information about proteins encoded in the DNA) present in the hippocampus cells, a brain region essential for memory processes. It was found that trigonelline influenced processes involving the nervous system's development, cellular mitochondrial function and energy production, inflammatory processes, neurotransmitter release, and autophagy (the removal of unnecessary or damaged particles, organelles, or pathogens).

The research also demonstrated that trigonelline could mitigate inflammation in the nervous system.

Detailed analysis indicated that the presence of trigonelline diminished the levels of inflammatory proteins, such as TNF-alpha and interleukin 6 (IL-6), and increased neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in the hippocampus.

The scientists concluded that their experiment results suggest that trigonelline holds promising potential for preventing age-related cognitive decline and even improving it.